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Human TNF-alpha

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Cat-Nr.300-027
Size10 µg
Price65 €
SourceE. coli
Formulationlyophilized
Purity Confirmation> 95% by SDS-PAGE and RP-HPLC analysis
Length [aa]158
Molecular Weight17.5 kDa
Biological ActivityThe ED50 as determined by the proliferation assay with TF-1 cells is in the range of 0.05-0.4 ng/ml.
Species ReactivityHuman
Buffer20 mM PB, ph 7.2 + 100 mM NaCl
ReconstitutionThe lyophilized TNF-alpha is soluble in water and most aqueous buffers. The lyophilized powder can be reconstituted in sterile water to a concentration of 0.1 mg/ml. This solution can be diluted into other buffered solutions or stored at –20°C for future use.
Stability and StorageLyophilized Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha although stable at room temperature for 3 weeks, should be stored desiccated below -18°C. Upon reconstitution TNF-alpha should be stored at 4°C between 2-7 days and for future use below -18°C. For long term storage it is recommended to add a carrier protein (0.1% HSA or BSA).
SynonymsTNF; DIF; TNFA; TNFSF2; TNF-alpha
DescriptionTumor necrosis factor is a cytokine involved in systemic inflammation and is a member of a group of cytokines that all stimulate the acute phase reaction. TNF is mainly secreted by macrophages. TNF causes apoptotic cell death, cellular proliferation, differentiation, inflammation, tumorigenesis and viral replication, TNF is also involved in lipid metabolism, and coagulation. TNF's primary role is in the regulation of immune cells. Dysregulation and, in particular, overproduction of TNF have been implicated in a variety of human diseases- autoimmune diseases, insulin resistance, and cancer. Human recombinant Tumor Necrosis Factor-α produced in E. coli is a single, non-glycosylated, polypeptide chain containing 158 amino acids and having a molecular mass of 17483.77 Dalton.
Protein SequenceMVRSSSRTPS DKPVAHVVAN PQAEGQLQWL NRRANALLAN GVELRDNQLV VPSEGLYLIY SQVLFKGQGC PSTHVLLTHT ISRIAVSYQT KVNLLSAIKS PCQRETPEGA E AKPWYEPIY LGGVFQLEKG DRLSAEINRP DYLDFAESGQ VYFGIIAL
Uniprot IDP01375
Protein RefSeqNP_000585.2
mRNA RefSeqNM_000594

Reference

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  2. Human Milk Oligosaccharides in Cord Blood Are Altered in Gestational Diabetes and Stimulate Feto-Placental Angiogenesis In Vitro. D. Hoch et al., Nutrients. 2021 Dec; 13(12): 4257.
  3. SUCNR1 Is Expressed in Human Placenta and Mediates Angiogenesis: Significance in Gestational Diabetes. R. Atallah et al., Int J Mol Sci. 2021 Nov; 22(21): 12048.
  4. Maternal Overweight Downregulates MME (Neprilysin) in Feto-Placental Endothelial Cells and in Cord Blood. E. Weiß et al., Int J Mol Sci. 2020 Feb; 21(3): 834.
  5. Outgrowth, proliferation, viability, angiogenesis and phenotype of primary human endothelial cells in different purchasable endothelial culture media: feed wisely. B. Leopold et al., Histochem Cell Biol. 2019; 152(5): 377–390.
  6. Mechanisms of Trained Innate Immunity in oxLDL Primed Human Coronary Smooth Muscle Cells. Schnack L et al., Front Immunol. 2019 Jan 23;10:13.
  7. Hypoxia Impairs Initial Outgrowth of Endothelial Colony Forming Cells and Reduces Their Proliferative and Sprouting Potential. Tasev D. et al., Front Med (Lausanne). 2018 Dec 20;5:356.
  8. Blood Outgrowth and Proliferation of Endothelial Colony Forming Cells are Related to Markers of Disease Severity in Patients with Pulmonary Arterial Hypertension. Smits J. et al., Int J Mol Sci. 2018 Nov 27;19(12). pii: E3763.
  9. A local uPAR-plasmin-TGFβ1 positive feedback loop in a qualitative computational model of angiogenic sprouting explains the in vitro effect of fibrinogen variants. Boas SEM et al., PLoS Comput Biol. 2018 Jul 6;14(7):e1006239.
  10. Interactions between the Aggregatibacter actinomycetemcomitans secretin HofQ and host cytokines indicate a link between natural competence and interleukin-8 uptake. Ahlstrand T. et al., Virulence. 2018;9(1):1205-1223.
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  12. Post-transcriptional down regulation of ICAM-1 in feto-placental endothelium in GDM. F. I. Díaz-Pérez et al., Cell Adh Migr. 2016 Jan-Apr; 10(1-2): 18–27.
  13. Extensive Characterization and Comparison of Endothelial Cells Derived from Dermis and Adipose Tissue: Potential Use in Tissue Engineering. H. N. Monsuur et al., PLoS One. 2016; 11(11): e0167056.
  14. Long-Term Expansion in Platelet Lysate Increases Growth of Peripheral Blood-Derived Endothelial-Colony Forming Cells and Their Growth Factor-Induced Sprouting Capacity. D. Tasev et al., PLoS One. 2015; 10(6): e0129935.
  15. The Endothelial Tyrosine Phosphatase SHP-1 Plays an Important Role for Vascular Haemostasis in TNFα-Induced Inflammation In Vivo. E. Koch et al., Mediators Inflamm. 2013; 2013: 279781.
  16. Prothrombotic effects of tumor necrosis factor alpha in vivo are amplified by the absence of TNF-alpha receptor subtype 1 and require TNF-alpha receptor subtype 2. J. Pircher et al., Arthritis Res Ther. 2012; 14(5): R225.
  17. Modulation of dendritic cell development by immunoglobulin G in control subjects and multiple sclerosis patients. K. Ohkuma et al., Clin Exp Immunol. 2007 Dec; 150(3): 397–406.
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